The HADES experiment at GSI was designed to investigate the properties of hadrons inside dense nuclear matter. The latter is created by heavy-ion collisions at energies of 1–-2 AGeV. Currently, HADES is the only running experiment that studies the region in the QCD phase diagram of very high net-baryon densities and moderate temperatures. The created state of matter, in fact, resembles matter...
The heavy-ion programmes in the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider aim to probe and characterise properties of the quark-gluon plasma created in relativistic Pb-Pb collisions. Smaller collision systems involving nuclei and protons are used to distinguish between initial and final-state effects. The heavy-ion experiments explored the onset of collectivity in small systems...
In a revolutionary paper, Matsui and Satz proposed using the suppression of quarkonia as a smoking gun signature of deconfinement in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The stunning success of using strong-coupling, AdS/CFT techniques to predict the viscosity to entropy density ratio extracted from RHIC and LHC heavy ion collision data using sophisticated 3+1D relativistic viscous hydrodynamics...
